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S L Zhai1, J Zhao2, F L Shen1

  • 1Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P. R. China.

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study discovered inverse Doppler effects in recorders and clarinets, revealing these pipe instruments may be early acoustic metamaterials. This finding explains their historical popularity and aids future metamaterial design.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Materials Science
  • Musicology

Background:

  • Pipe instruments like the recorder and clarinet have been historically significant in music.
  • Acoustic metamaterials offer unique wave manipulation properties.
  • Previous models explored acoustic metamaterials in flute-like instruments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of inverse Doppler effects in common pipe instruments.
  • To determine if these instruments exhibit characteristics of acoustic metamaterials.
  • To provide a new perspective on the historical popularity of pipe instruments.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental detection of inverse Doppler effects in recorders and clarinets.
  • Measurement of effective refractive indices across musical pitches.
  • Analysis of the instruments' properties in relation to broadband acoustic metamaterials.

Main Results:

  • Inverse Doppler effects were detected across all seven pitches of an ascending musical scale for both instruments.
  • The calculated effective refractive indices were negative and varied with pitch.
  • These properties align with characteristics desired for broadband acoustic metamaterials.

Conclusions:

  • Recorders and clarinets may represent the earliest known man-made acoustic metamaterials.
  • The observed phenomenon offers a potential explanation for the widespread historical appeal of pipe instruments.
  • This discovery could inform the design of next-generation broadband double-negative acoustic metamaterials.