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Published on: March 10, 2015
Clinical Efficacy of a Novel Therapeutic Principle, Anakoinosis
Daniel Heudobler1, Michael Rechenmacher1, Florian Lüke1
1Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Abstract:
Classic tumor therapy, consisting of cytotoxic agents and/or targeted therapy, has not overcome therapeutic limitations like poor risk genetic parameters, genetic heterogeneity at different metastatic sites or the problem of undruggable targets. Here we summarize data and trials principally following a completely different treatment concept tackling systems biologic processes: the principle of communicative reprogramming of tumor tissues, i.e., anakoinosis (ancient greek for communication), aims at establishing novel communicative behavior of tumor tissue, the hosting organ and organism via re-modeling gene expression, thus recovering differentiation, and apoptosis competence leading to cancer control - in contrast to an immediate, "poisoning" with maximal tolerable doses of targeted or cytotoxic therapies. Therefore, we introduce the term "Master modulators" for drugs or drug combinations promoting evolutionary processes or regulating homeostatic pathways. These "master modulators" comprise a broad diversity of drugs, characterized by the capacity for reprogramming tumor tissues, i.e., transcriptional modulators, metronomic low-dose chemotherapy, epigenetically modifying agents, protein binding pro-anakoinotic drugs, such as COX-2 inhibitors, IMiDs etc., or for example differentiation inducing therapies. Data on 97 anakoinosis inducing schedules indicate a favorable toxicity profile: The combined administration of master modulators, frequently (with poor or no monoactivity) may even induce continuous complete remission in refractory metastatic neoplasia, irrespectively of the tumor type. That means recessive components of the tumor, successively developing during tumor ontogenesis, are accessible by regulatory active drug combinations in a therapeutically meaningful way. Drug selection is now dependent on situative systems characteristics, to less extent histology dependent. To sum up, anakoinosis represents a new substantive therapy principle besides novel targeted therapies.
Insights
Anakoinosis, a novel cancer therapy, reprograms tumor communication and gene expression. This approach uses "master modulators" to achieve cancer control with favorable toxicity, offering a new principle beyond traditional treatments.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Systems Biology
- Cancer Therapeutics
Background:
- Classic cancer therapies face limitations due to genetic factors and undruggable targets.
- Tumor heterogeneity and resistance mechanisms hinder treatment efficacy.
- Existing treatments often involve high toxicity and limited long-term success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce anakoinosis, a novel therapeutic concept based on communicative reprogramming of tumor tissues.
- To define "master modulators" as agents that promote evolutionary processes or regulate homeostatic pathways in cancer.
- To explore anakoinosis as an alternative to conventional cytotoxic and targeted therapies.
Main Methods:
- Summarizing data and trials on anakoinosis-inducing schedules.
- Identifying drugs and drug combinations capable of reprogramming tumor tissues (e.g., transcriptional modulators, metronomic chemotherapy, epigenetic agents, differentiation therapies).
- Analyzing the efficacy and toxicity profiles of anakoinosis-based treatments.
Main Results:
- Data from 97 anakoinosis-inducing schedules show a favorable toxicity profile.
- Combined administration of master modulators can induce complete remission in refractory metastatic cancers, irrespective of tumor type.
- Treatment efficacy is dependent on situational system characteristics rather than solely histology.
Conclusions:
- Anakoinosis represents a new therapeutic principle in cancer treatment.
- This approach effectively targets recessive tumor components through regulatory drug combinations.
- Anakoinosis offers a promising alternative with a favorable toxicity profile for managing refractory metastatic neoplasia.
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