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Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Enhanced Gene Delivery and Expression using Intraosseous Injection of Chitosan Nanoparticles Encapsulated Adenine Base Editor Plasmids
Published on: May 16, 2025
Chitosan-based nanoparticles with damnacanthal suppress CRM1 expression
Nadda Chaichanasak1,2, Pleumchitt Rojanapanthu3, Yongdae Yoon1
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Phytochemicals may be promising anticancer agents given their various chemical structures and diverse biological activities. Damnacanthal (DAM) is a major bioactive component of Noni, which has been investigated previously as a cancer-preventive or chemotherapeutic agent. DAM has also been reported to exhibit anti-proliferative activity in several cancer types. In the present study, it was identified that DAM downregulates chromosome maintenance protein 1 (CRM1) expression in human cancer cells. The application of chitosan-based nanoparticles (NPs) with DAM also induced CRM1 downregulation, which suggests that chitosan-based NPs may be effective vehicles for delivery of phytochemicals such as DAM. It was also identified that DAM increased the levels of the tumor suppressor non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-activated gene 1 in the nucleus, thereby leading to enhanced anticancer effects. The results of the present study indicate that DAM and its nanoformulation may be a candidate anticancer drug.
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