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Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and narrative discourse in older adults
Rafael Coelho1, Paulo Mattos1,2, Rosemary Tannock3,4
1Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Older adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) exhibit persistent language impairments. This study found differences in narrative discourse complexity in elderly individuals with ADHD compared to controls.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psycholinguistics
- Gerontology
Background:
- Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
- ADHD can persist into adulthood, yet language issues in elderly individuals with ADHD remain understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate language impairment in older adults diagnosed with ADHD.
Main Methods:
- Compared narrative discourse in three older adults with ADHD to two matched controls.
- Utilized the Trabasso Model for discourse analysis and Speech Graph Analysis software.
Main Results:
- ADHD patients' discourse featured more plot components and network edges.
- ADHD subjects showed higher scores in Narrative Inefficiency, Density, Diameter, and Average Clustering Coefficient.
- ADHD networks were convoluted, unlike the sequential, less recursive networks of controls.
Conclusions:
- Language deficits observed in younger individuals with ADHD appear to persist into older age.
- Findings suggest ongoing language challenges associated with ADHD in the elderly population.
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