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Related Experiment Videos

Swallowing physiology and pathophysiology.

J A Logemann1

  • 1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|November 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) can lead to aspiration due to various oropharyngeal physiological issues. Accurate evaluation using videofluoroscopy and manometry is crucial for effective treatment and restoring oral nutrition.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Aspiration, the entry of material into the airway, can stem from numerous oropharyngeal physiological disturbances.
  • These disturbances include impaired tongue movement, delayed pharyngeal swallow initiation, reduced pharyngeal peristalsis, inadequate laryngeal elevation, and poor laryngeal closure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diverse causes of aspiration related to oropharyngeal dysfunction.
  • To emphasize the necessity of comprehensive swallowing evaluations for managing dysphagia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of physiological mechanisms leading to aspiration.
  • Discussion of diagnostic tools for swallowing assessment.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Specific physiological deficits like poor tongue movement, delayed swallow reflex, reduced pharyngeal peristalsis, and inadequate laryngeal closure can cause aspiration.
  • Cricopharyngeal dysfunction and gastroesophageal reflux also contribute to aspiration.
  • These varied causes necessitate tailored treatment approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate and in-depth evaluation of oral-pharyngeal and esophageal swallowing anatomy and physiology is essential for successful oral nutrition re-establishment in dysphagic patients.
  • Current gold-standard evaluation methods include videofluoroscopy and manometry.