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Radial Glia in Echinoderms
Vladimir Mashanov1, Olga Zueva1,2
1Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida.
Developmental Neurobiology
|December 15, 2018
Summary
Radial glial cells, vital for vertebrate nervous system development and regeneration, may predate the chordate lineage. Studies in echinoderms reveal their roles in neurogenesis and regeneration, offering evolutionary insights.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- Radial glial cells are fundamental to vertebrate neural development and regeneration.
- Recent hypotheses suggest radial glia's origin predates the chordate lineage, possibly existing in the last common deuterostome ancestor.
- Echinoderms, a highly regenerative invertebrate phylum, share ancestry with chordates, making them a key model for studying early radial glia evolution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize recent findings on radial glia in echinoderms.
- To investigate the involvement of radial glia in homeostatic neurogenesis and post-traumatic neural regeneration in echinoderms.
- To compare radial glia features and molecular mechanisms between echinoderms and chordates.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent studies on radial glia in echinoderms.
- Comparative analysis of radial glia in echinoderms and chordates.
- Examination of molecular mechanisms controlling radial glia differentiation and plasticity.
Main Results:
- Radial glial cells in echinoderms are involved in both normal neurogenesis and regeneration after injury.
- Comparative studies highlight similarities and differences in radial glia between echinoderms and chordates.
- Molecular mechanisms governing the plasticity and differentiation of echinoderm radial glia have been identified.
Conclusions:
- Echinoderm radial glia serve as a valuable model for understanding the fundamental biology and evolutionary origins of this cell type.
- Studying radial glia in echinoderms provides unique evolutionary and comparative perspectives on neural development and regeneration.
- These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the ancient roles of radial glia across deuterostome evolution.
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