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Clinical value of enzyme immunoassay that detects rubella-specific immunoglobulin M immediately after disease onset

Takako Kurata1, Kiyoko Uchino2, Chiemi Hotta3

  • 1Osaka Institute of Public Health, 1-3-69, Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka, 537-0025, Japan.

Microbiology and Immunology
|December 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The rubella-specific IgM test is clinically valuable for diagnosing rubella in adults. IgM antibody levels and positive rates significantly increase three days after rash onset, aiding in timely diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

  • Rubella, a viral infection, poses risks, especially to adults.
  • Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial for managing rubella outbreaks and patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical utility of a rubella-specific IgM enzyme immunoassay (EIA) test.
  • To determine the optimal timing for IgM testing post-rubella symptom onset.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated 300 adult patients with confirmed rubella via nucleic acid testing.
  • Utilized a rubella-specific IgM enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit.
  • Analyzed IgM titers and positive rates at various time points after rash onset.

Main Results:

  • Median IgM titers significantly increased by 3 days post-rash onset (P < 0.0001).
  • The IgM-positive rate reached 61.5% at 3 days post-onset, significantly higher than earlier time points (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • The rubella-specific IgM EIA test provides clinically relevant diagnostic information.
  • Testing for rubella IgM antibodies at 3 days or more after disease onset is recommended for accurate diagnosis.
Keywords:
rubellaimmunoglobulin Mlaboratory diagnosisnucleic acid test

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