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Related Concept Videos

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy01:16

Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

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Confocal microscopy is an advanced microscopic technique. The prime advantage of the confocal microscope over other microscopy techniques is its ability to block the out-of-focus light from the illuminated samples using pinholes. It is widely used with fluorescence optics to obtain high-resolution, sharp contrast images. Unlike optical microscopes, confocal microscopes use a focused beam of light laser to scan the entire sample surface at different z-planes. These microscopes are, therefore,...
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Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
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Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
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Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Visualizing the Developing Brain in Living Zebrafish using Brainbow and Time-lapse Confocal Imaging
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Live Confocal Visualization of FXIII Activity.

Christian F Weber, Dietmar Fries, Martin Hermann

    Clinical Laboratory
    |December 15, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Transglutaminase factor XIII (FXIII) stabilizes blood clots by cross-linking fibrin, enhancing clot integrity. This study aimed to confirm FXIII

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Transglutaminase factor XIII (FXIII) plays a crucial role in hemostasis and thrombosis.
    • FXIII is known to stabilize fibrin clots through covalent cross-linking.
    • Its role in forming the 3D clot architecture has been a long-standing hypothesis.

    Discussion:

    • This research investigates the structural contribution of FXIII to the fibrin clot network.
    • The study examines how FXIII-mediated cross-linking influences clot architecture and stability.
    • Understanding FXIII's precise role is vital for thrombotic and hemostatic research.

    Key Insights:

    • FXIII is essential for fibrin clot stabilization and resistance to fibrinolysis.
    • Experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that FXIII mediates the formation of a 3-dimensional fibrin net.

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  • This cross-linking activity is fundamental to the clot's structural integrity.

    • Outlook:

    • Further research can explore the therapeutic implications of modulating FXIII activity.
    • Investigating FXIII's role in various pathological conditions involving thrombosis is warranted.
    • Detailed structural analysis will elucidate the precise mechanisms of FXIII in clot formation.