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Author Spotlight: Advancing Pathogen Detection and Disease Assessment in Real-Time Using M-ROSE
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Globalization and emerging infectious diseases.

Hitoshi Oshitani

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |December 15, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Emerging infectious diseases pose a global threat due to increased travel and pathogen exposure. Strengthening Japan's capacity to detect and respond to outbreaks is urgently needed.

    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Emerging infectious diseases like Ebola virus disease (EVD) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) are significant global health concerns.
    • Globalization, increased international travel, and human exposure to novel pathogens escalate the risk of disease emergence and spread.
    • Existing global systems, including World Health Organization initiatives, have proven insufficient in effectively managing recent outbreaks (e.g., SARS 2003, EVD 2014).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the persistent risk of emerging infectious diseases within Japan.
    • To emphasize the urgent need for enhanced national capacity in detecting and responding to infectious disease outbreaks.
    • To underscore the importance of preparedness in the face of global health security challenges.

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    Main Methods:

    • This study is a review and analysis of global trends in emerging infectious diseases.
    • It examines the impact of globalization and international travel on disease transmission.
    • It assesses the effectiveness of current international response systems based on past outbreaks.

    Main Results:

    • Recent outbreaks demonstrate the limitations of current global response mechanisms.
    • The interconnectedness of the modern world increases the likelihood and speed of international disease spread.
    • Japan, like other nations, faces a tangible risk from emerging infectious diseases.

    Conclusions:

    • The current global framework for managing emerging infectious diseases requires significant improvement.
    • There is an immediate and critical need for Japan to bolster its infrastructure and capabilities for early detection and rapid response to outbreaks.
    • Proactive strengthening of national public health systems is essential for mitigating the impact of future infectious disease threats.