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Gene editing technologies and applications for insects.

Valentino M Gantz¹, Omar S Akbari¹

¹Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92092, USA; Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Current Opinion in Insect Science

|December 16, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

CRISPR genome editing has revolutionized insect functional genomics, enabling precise genetic modifications and advanced applications like gene drives. This technology is rapidly advancing across diverse insect species.

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Area of Science:

Genomics
Molecular Biology
Entomology

Background:

CRISPR-Cas genome editing endonucleases, initially found in bacteria, have been successfully adapted for use in insects.
These tools have been applied to a wide range of insect species, including both model and non-model organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore recent advancements in CRISPR-based genome editing techniques for insects.
To highlight applications ranging from basic genome editing to sophisticated genome engineering and synthetic biology.

Main Methods:

Utilizing CRISPR-based endonucleases for site-specific genomic mutations, insertions, and deletions.
Exploring advanced techniques like Homology Assisted Genome Knock-in (HACK) and DNA base editing.
Investigating the development of gene drives for population control.

Main Results:

Demonstrated successful application of CRISPR in diverse insect groups (flies, bees, beetles, butterflies, moths, grasshoppers).
Enabled precise genomic alterations including mutations, insertions, and deletions.
Facilitated advanced genome engineering and synthetic biology applications.

Conclusions:

CRISPR technology has revolutionized functional genomics in insects.
The adaptability of CRISPR offers powerful tools for basic research and applied insect science.
Future applications include sophisticated genome engineering and population control strategies via gene drives.