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Foraging Performance, Prosociality, and Kin Presence Do Not Predict Lifetime Reproductive Success in Batek

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  • 1Department of Anthropology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA. tkraft@anth.ucsb.edu.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In egalitarian Batek hunter-gatherers, foraging success and social behaviors did not predict reproductive success. Low child mortality and social structures may influence these outcomes in human evolution.

Keywords:
CooperationForagingHunter-gatherersProsocialityReproductive successSharing

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Area of Science:

  • Human evolutionary biology
  • Anthropology
  • Behavioral ecology

Background:

  • Understanding reproductive success drivers is key to human evolution.
  • Status-accruing behaviors (hunting, prosociality) are linked to reproduction, but egalitarianism may interfere.
  • The Batek population offers a unique context to study these dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate predictors of lifetime reproductive success in the egalitarian Batek hunter-gatherers.
  • To test the influence of foraging return rate, sharing, cooperation, and kin presence on reproduction.
  • To explore the mediating role of social egalitarianism and low mortality rates.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 45-year mixed longitudinal/cross-sectional dataset from the Batek people.
  • Analyzed four key predictors: foraging return rate, sharing proclivity, cooperative foraging, and kin presence.
  • Examined variation in lifetime reproductive success for males and females.

Main Results:

  • None of the tested predictors (foraging, sharing, cooperation, kin) explained reproductive success variation.
  • No significant differences in reproductive success were found between males and females based on these factors.
  • This suggests other factors are at play in this specific population.

Conclusions:

  • Social egalitarianism and low infant/juvenile mortality may decouple foraging and social behaviors from direct reproductive success.
  • Highlights the need for quantitative social network analysis and focus on female foraging in evolutionary studies.
  • Re-evaluates traditional models of status and reproduction in small-scale, egalitarian societies.