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A two-player iterated survival game.

John Wakeley1, Martin Nowak2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In iterated survival games, cooperation can be favored if pairs of cooperative individuals have a higher survival probability. However, initial fitness deficits for pairs can worsen cooperation prospects, even in the long run.

Keywords:
Iterated gameMoran modelPrisoner’s DilemmaReplicator equationSurvival game

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary game theory
  • Mathematical biology
  • Population dynamics

Background:

  • Describes an iterated game focused on survival probabilities.
  • Individuals must survive independently if their partner perishes.
  • Considers unconditional strategies in a two-player symmetric game setting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of iterated survival games on cooperation.
  • To investigate how the number of iterations affects cooperative strategy frequency.
  • To model population dynamics using deterministic and stochastic approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Formulated overall survival as a Markov chain.
  • Derived analytical results for n-step payoffs.
  • Embedded the survival game within three population models (two deterministic, one stochastic).

Main Results:

  • Survival probabilities decrease to zero as iterations approach infinity.
  • Increasing iterations alters cooperation prospects; models become neutral in the limit.
  • Cooperation is favored with sufficient iterations if cooperative pairs have enhanced survival, irrespective of single-step interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced pair survival is critical for promoting cooperation in iterated evolutionary games.
  • The structure of single-step interactions does not preclude cooperation if pair survival is sufficiently high.
  • Initial fitness disadvantages for cooperative pairs can significantly hinder cooperation, even compared to single-step games.