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Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Development and Characterization of Fusidic Acid-Loaded Alginate-Aloe vera Based Hydrogel FilmWound Healing
Published on: December 13, 2024
Scaffolds based on alginate-PEG methyl ether methacrylate-Moringa oleifera-Aloe vera for wound healing applications
Itzel Rubio-Elizalde1, Johanna Bernáldez-Sarabia2, Aldo Moreno-Ulloa2
1Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Apdo. Postal, 356, C.P. 22800, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico; Departamento de Innovación Biomédica, Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No. 3918, Zona Playitas, C.P. 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
Abstract:
This study sought to improve the handling, stability to aqueous medium and healing properties of alginate-based three-dimensional structures to be applied as wound scaffolds. Thus, Ca-alginate was plasticized with PEG-methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and blended with the freeze-dried gel of A. vera and aqueous leaves extracts of M. oleifera. Ca-alginate-PEGMA scaffolds remained structurally stable almost four times longer than pure alginate materials, while a high porous architecture required for tissue scaffolding applications was maintained after alginate plasticization with PEGMA. A. vera increased the water uptake capability of the scaffolds and M. oleifera provided antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory properties and antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. Blending 1% (w/v) A. vera and 1% (w/v) M. oleifera with Ca-alginate-PEGMA, significantly increased the scaffolds cell proliferation (after 10 days of evaluation), compared with scaffolds without plant extracts. The experimental results showed that Ca-alginate-PEGMA/A. vera/M. oleifera biocomposites have great potential for wound healing applications.
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Crown Ethers
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Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
Classification of Ethers
Based on their attached substituent...
Physical Properties of Ethers
An ether molecule has a net dipole moment due to the polarity of C–O bonds. Subsequently, boiling points of ethers are lower than those of alcohols of comparable molecular weight and slightly higher than those of hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight (Table 1).
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