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Structural Validity of the World Assumption Scale.

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The World Assumption Scale (WAS) demonstrates a consistent eight-factor structure in trauma patients and healthcare professionals. Specific assumptions, like Self-Worth and Luck, uniquely predict posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Trauma Research
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • The World Assumption Scale (WAS) is widely used in trauma research to assess beliefs about the world and self.
  • Its empirical factor structure has been debated, with conflicting evidence regarding its eight-factor model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To rigorously examine the factor structure and reliability of the World Assumption Scale (WAS).
  • To investigate the scalar invariance of the WAS factor structure across clinical and healthcare professional samples.
  • To explore the association between WAS factors and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on a large clinical sample (n=1,791) of patients with posttraumatic complaints.
  • The validated factor structure was tested for scalar invariance using a sample of healthcare professionals (n=236).
  • Regression analyses examined the relationship between WAS factors and PTSD symptoms, controlling for traumatic events.

Main Results:

  • A consistent eight-correlated-factor model of the WAS was demonstrated across subsamples, with good reliability (Cronbach's αs = .68–.84).
  • The factor model exhibited scalar invariance across clinical and healthcare professional samples.
  • Self-Worth (β = -.31) and Luck (β = -.15) uniquely predicted PTSD symptoms, even after controlling for traumatic events.

Conclusions:

  • The World Assumption Scale (WAS) possesses a robust and invariant eight-factor structure suitable for trauma research.
  • Specific negative assumptions, particularly regarding Self-Worth and Luck, are significant predictors of PTSD symptom severity.
  • Further research should differentiate the impact of various assumptions on posttraumatic complaints.