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Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
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Normally closed plunger-membrane microvalve self-actuated electrically using a shape memory alloy wire.

Chaojun Cheng1, Ankitha Rajagopalan Nair2, Raviraj Thakur3

  • 1Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.

Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
|December 18, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel microvalve for autonomous actuation in microfluidic diagnostic devices. This normally closed valve operates reliably for over a million cycles in wide channels.

Keywords:
NitinolPDMSPoint-of-careSelf-actuatedValve

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Microfluidic devices for diagnostics need larger channels and autonomous operation.
  • Existing microvalves often lack portability and autonomous actuation for in vivo applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel, normally closed microvalve design for autonomous actuation in wide microchannels.
  • To optimize the valve for reduced opening force and ensure reliable performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a multilayer plunger-membrane valve using poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
  • Integration of a Nitinol (NiTi) shape memory alloy wire for actuation.
  • Characterization of actuation kinetics and reliability testing over 1 million cycles.

Main Results:

  • The microvalve design enables fully autonomous actuation for microchannels tens to hundreds of micrometers in diameter.
  • Optimized PDMS architecture reduced the force required for valve opening.
  • The NiTi wire-actuated valve demonstrated reliable performance for 1 million cycles at a 1.5-s cycle duration without degradation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microvalve is suitable for in vivo and point-of-care diagnostic applications requiring autonomous operation.
  • The design offers a robust and reliable solution for controlling fluid flow in microfluidic systems.
  • The use of PDMS and NiTi alloy provides a cost-effective and efficient microvalve solution.