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Related Concept Videos

Impedance Combination01:21

Impedance Combination

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Consider a string of christmas lights, each bulb symbolizing an impedance element. In this series configuration, the flow of electric current remains uniform across every component. This behavior aligns with Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL), which asserts that the total impedance in such a setup equals the sum of individual impedances—akin to resistors in series. It follows that the voltage from the power source is distributed proportionally among these components, adhering to the voltage...
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Impedances and Admittance01:23

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In the realm of AC circuits, passive circuit elements like resistors, inductors, and capacitors take on a different character when characterized by phasor voltage and current. Their behavior is expressed through impedance, a vital concept in AC circuit analysis.
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Regulation of Food Intake01:30

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Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
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Series Impedances: Three-Phase Line01:27

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Calculating series impedances for a three-phase overhead line involves evaluating resistances and inductive reactances in a network with three-phase and multiple neutral conductors grounded at regular intervals.
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Bus Impedance Matrix01:24

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Calculating subtransient fault currents for three-phase faults in an N-bus power system involves using the positive-sequence network. When a three-phase short circuit occurs at a specific bus, the analysis uses the superposition method to evaluate two separate circuits.
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Line Protection with Impedance Relays01:27

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Coordinating time-delay overcurrent relays in complex radial systems and directional overcurrent relays in multi-source transmission loops can be challenging. Impedance relays address these issues by responding to the voltage-to-current ratio, specifically measuring the apparent impedance of a line. These relays become more sensitive during faults as current increases and voltage decreases, thereby reducing the apparent impedance.
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Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen
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Microfluidic based impedance biosensor for pathogens detection in food products.

Amjed Abdullah1, Shibajyoti Ghosh Dastider1, Ibrahem Jasim1

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.

Electrophoresis
|December 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) impedance biosensor for rapid bacterial detection in raw chicken. The device achieves high sensitivity for Salmonella detection, differentiating live from dead cells.

Keywords:
E. coli O157:H7Impedance biosensorInterdigitated electrode arrayPathogen detectionSalmonella

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Biosensor Technology
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Foodborne pathogens like E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella typhimurium pose significant risks in raw chicken products.
  • Accurate and rapid detection methods are crucial for ensuring food safety and preventing outbreaks.
  • Existing detection methods can be time-consuming or lack sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, fabricate, and test a novel MEMS-based impedance biosensor for detecting bacterial contamination in raw chicken.
  • To enhance bacterial cell concentration and improve detection sensitivity using dielectrophoresis.
  • To evaluate the biosensor's performance in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and differentiation of live/dead bacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a MEMS impedance biosensor with interdigitated electrode arrays on a glass substrate using surface micromachining.
  • Integration of positive dielectrophoresis focusing electrodes to concentrate bacterial cells within a microfluidic channel.
  • Testing the biosensor's detection capabilities for Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 in raw chicken samples.

Main Results:

  • The biosensor successfully detected Salmonella typhimurium at concentrations as low as 10 cells/mL within an hour.
  • Dielectrophoresis focusing electrodes significantly improved signal response, increasing sensitivity by 6-18 times.
  • The biosensor demonstrated selectivity and the ability to differentiate between live and dead bacterial cells.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MEMS impedance biosensor offers a sensitive, rapid, and selective method for detecting bacterial pathogens in food products.
  • The integration of dielectrophoresis enhances the biosensor's performance, making it a promising tool for food safety applications.
  • The platform's adaptability allows for the detection of various pathogens by modifying immobilized antibodies.