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Ovine progressive pneumonia (maedi-visna) in sheep
R C Cutlip1, H D Lehmkuhl, M J Schmerr
1National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA 50010.
Veterinary Microbiology
|July 1, 1988
Summary
Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) is a lentiviral disease in sheep, causing pneumonia, encephalitis, and wasting. Prevention relies on avoiding the virus, as treatment is only symptomatic.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Virology
- Animal Pathology
Background:
- Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) is a significant lentiviral disease affecting sheep.
- The disease is caused by a nononcogenic exogenous retrovirus within the Lentiviridae subfamily.
- OPP manifests as a multi-systemic condition impacting respiratory, neurological, and reproductive systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the characteristics, transmission, and management of Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP).
- To highlight the lentiviral etiology of OPP in sheep.
- To underscore the limitations in treating and preventing OPP.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) characteristics.
- Analysis of lentiviral transmission routes in sheep.
- Evaluation of current treatment and prevention strategies for OPP.
Main Results:
- OPP presents with diverse clinical signs including pneumonitis, encephalitis, arthritis, mastitis, and vasculitis.
- Key symptoms include progressive wasting, dyspnea, lameness, and indurated udders.
- Viral transmission occurs primarily via colostrum, but also through contact and in utero.
Conclusions:
- Ovine progressive pneumonia (OPP) is a chronic, multi-systemic lentiviral disease in sheep.
- Effective treatment for OPP is currently unavailable, with only symptomatic relief possible.
- Prevention strategies focus on strict viral avoidance due to the lack of curative treatments.