Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2026

Tracking Morphogenetic Tissue Deformations in the Early Chick Embryo
08:19

Tracking Morphogenetic Tissue Deformations in the Early Chick Embryo

Published on: October 17, 2011

13.4K

For Debate: Paediatric T1DM: DKA is Still a Problem

Elena Martínez1, Nancy Portillo2, Eneritz Lizarralde3

  • 1Paediatric Department, Centro de Salud Gamonal Antigua, Avd Eladio Perlado s/n, 09007 Burgos, Spain.

Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews : PER
|December 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) remains a frequent problem, with a stable prevalence of 35.4%. Early DKA diagnosis is linked to a worse disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Diabetes Research

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) treatment has advanced, yet diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) persists as a significant challenge in pediatric care.
  • This study investigates temporal trends in DKA prevalence at T1DM diagnosis and associated risk factors in pediatric patients.

Discussion:

  • Despite treatment improvements, DKA remains prevalent (35.4%) in newly diagnosed pediatric T1DM patients, particularly affecting the youngest age groups.
  • Severe DKA occurred in 8.5% of patients, with a higher incidence observed in children over 10 years old.
  • The presence of DKA at diagnosis was associated with a less frequent honeymoon phase and potentially poorer long-term disease management.

Key Insights:

  • DKA prevalence at diagnosis for T1DM in children has remained consistently high over time.
  • Younger children are more susceptible to DKA upon T1DM diagnosis, while older children face a higher risk of severe DKA.
  • DKA at diagnosis is linked to a reduced likelihood of achieving a remission phase and is associated with a more challenging disease trajectory.

Outlook:

  • Further research is needed to understand the specific factors contributing to persistent high DKA rates in pediatric T1DM.
  • Developing targeted interventions for high-risk pediatric populations could mitigate DKA incidence and severity.
  • Longitudinal studies are essential to fully elucidate the long-term impact of DKA at diagnosis on T1DM progression and management outcomes.

Keywords:
ChildhoodDiabetic KetoacidosisHoneymoon phaseType 1 Diabetes mellitus

More Related Videos

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry05:53

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

10.7K
Fluid-cell Raman Spectroscopy for operando Studies of Reaction and Transport Phenomena during Silicate Glass Corrosion06:48

Fluid-cell Raman Spectroscopy for operando Studies of Reaction and Transport Phenomena during Silicate Glass Corrosion

Published on: May 9, 2025

1.2K

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
Diabetic Ketoacidosis l: Introduction01:25

Diabetic Ketoacidosis l: Introduction

DefinitionDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute, life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by a triad of hyperglycemia (blood glucose >250 mg/dL), ketonemia or ketonuria, and metabolic acidosis (arterial pH <7.30 and serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L). It results from insulin deficiency combined with elevated levels of counterregulatory hormones—glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone—leading to increased lipolysis, hepatic ketone production, and...
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Diabetic Ketoacidosis ll: Pathophysiology

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a metabolic emergency characterized by hyperglycemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis. It results from severe insulin deficiency and an excess of counterregulatory hormones, leading to uncontrolled lipolysis, ketogenesis, and widespread electrolyte and fluid disturbances.Pathophysiology The central event in DKA is a profound loss of insulin action. Without insulin, glucose uptake in insulin-dependent tissues is impaired, while hepatic glucose production...