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Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is epidemiologically relevant, impacting well-being and stress. However, its overlap with pathological eating suggests it may not be a distinct disorder, requiring further research.

Keywords:
affective disordereating disorderlifestyleobsessive–compulsive disorderorthorexia nervosa

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is an eating pattern characterized by an obsession with healthy eating.
  • Debate exists on whether ON is a behavioral phenomenon or a distinct mental disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the epidemiological and clinical relevance of ON.
  • To determine if ON can be differentiated from other mental health disorders and healthy lifestyle factors.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 713 participants.
  • The survey included measures of orthorexic behaviors (Duesseldorf Orthorexia Scale), well-being, distress, eating behaviors, psychopathology, and health behaviors.

Main Results:

  • 3.8% of participants exhibited significant orthorexic eating behaviors.
  • ON cases reported lower well-being, life satisfaction, and higher stress.
  • Pathological eating, eating style, and compulsive symptoms were key predictors of ON.

Conclusions:

  • ON is epidemiologically and clinically relevant.
  • Significant overlap with pathological eating raises questions about ON as a distinct disorder.
  • Further research is needed to explore ON's co-occurrence and underlying mechanisms.