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Related Concept Videos

Dementia01:30

Dementia

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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
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Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

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The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
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Aging and dementia.

Naoyuki Sato

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |December 18, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    This review explores if regulating aging can prevent dementia. It summarizes cognitive aging changes and age-related disorders, examining clinical trial evidence to answer this critical question.

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Science

    Background:

    • Aging is associated with cognitive decline.
    • Age-related disorders significantly impact cognitive function.
    • Dementia onset is a major concern in aging populations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review cognitive changes associated with normal aging.
    • To examine how age-related disorders modify cognitive function.
    • To assess the potential for regulating aging to prevent dementia.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of cognitive aging.
    • Analysis of age-related disorders affecting cognition.
    • Examination of randomized clinical trial evidence.

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    Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
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    Related Experiment Videos

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    Main Results:

    • Aging naturally leads to specific cognitive alterations.
    • Various age-related conditions exacerbate cognitive impairment.
    • Evidence from clinical trials is being synthesized.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the interplay between aging and cognitive function is crucial.
    • Targeting aging processes may offer novel dementia prevention strategies.
    • Further research is needed to confirm the efficacy of aging regulation in dementia prevention.