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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

701
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
701
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

3.5K
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
3.5K
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

3.5K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
3.5K
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

236
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
236
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

701
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
701
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

261
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
261

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans

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Aging and hepatocarcinogenesis.

Hajime Sunakozaka, Shuichi Kaneko

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |December 18, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Aging significantly increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to physiological decline and genetic changes. Understanding aging

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology and Oncology
    • Molecular Biology and Carcinogenesis

    Background:

    • Aging is associated with reduced physiological function and increased disease susceptibility.
    • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prevalence is rising in the elderly population, particularly in Japan.
    • Multiple factors contribute to cancer development, making it challenging to pinpoint primary causes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of aging as a significant risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
    • To explore the intricate mechanisms linking aging processes to hepatocarcinogenesis.
    • To identify potential avenues for novel diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive strategies for HCC in older adults.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on aging, inflammation, DNA damage, and telomere shortening in relation to liver cancer.

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  • Analysis of the interplay between various factors contributing to genetic alterations in proliferating liver cells.
  • Examination of the link between aging-associated physiological changes and the development of HCC.

    • Main Results:

    • Aging is identified as a critical and increasingly important risk factor for HCC.
    • Factors such as inflammation, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, DNA methylation, and telomere shortening contribute to genetic instability.
    • These interconnected processes collectively promote hepatocarcinogenesis in aging individuals.

    Conclusions:

    • Aging is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
    • Further research into aging-related hepatocarcinogenesis mechanisms is crucial.
    • This research holds potential for developing new diagnostic, treatment, and prevention strategies for HCC in the elderly.