Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 31, 2026

10:29
Generation of Human Chimeric Antigen Receptor Regulatory T Cells
Published on: January 3, 2025
2.4K
CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy for Refractory Aggressive B-Cell Lymphoma
1Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.
Summary
Choosing between anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies for aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) is complex. Efficacy, toxicity, manufacturing, and cost are key factors beyond trial data for selecting the best CAR T-cell product.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunotherapy
Background:
- Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has transformed aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) treatment.
- Two FDA-approved CAR T-cell products are available, with a third anticipated, complicating treatment selection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review confounding factors in comparing available anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapies for B-NHL.
- To highlight manufacturing reliability and cost as critical decision-making elements.
- To discuss the rapid evolution of the field and future directions.
Main Methods:
- Review of pivotal clinical trial data for approved and emerging anti-CD19 CAR T-cell products.
- Analysis of manufacturing processes and associated reliability.
- Consideration of economic factors, including overall cost of therapy.
Main Results:
- Direct comparison of CAR T-cell products is challenging due to trial design limitations.
- Manufacturing variability and cost significantly impact product selection.
- The rapid advancement of CAR T-cell technology may quickly render current data outdated.
Conclusions:
- Selecting the optimal CAR T-cell therapy requires a multifaceted approach beyond efficacy and toxicity.
- Real-world data from experienced centers may guide choices, but will likely lag behind innovation.
- Future strategies focus on improving CAR T-cell efficacy and reducing toxicity.
Related Concept Videos
Aggression
30.4K
Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
30.4K
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
1.6K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
1.6K
Antigen Presenting Cells
3.2K
The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
3.2K
Types of Receptors: Cell Surface Receptors
27.4K
Cell-surface receptors, also known as transmembrane receptors, are cell surface, membrane-anchored (integral) proteins that bind to external ligand molecules. This type of receptor spans the plasma membrane and performs signal transduction, converting an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal. Ligands that interact with cell-surface receptors do not have to enter the cell that they affect. Cell-surface receptors are also called cell-specific proteins or markers because they are...
27.4K
Internal Receptors
74.6K
Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.
74.6K
Gene Therapy
27.6K
Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
27.6K

