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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Taping over varying ground profiles requires careful adaptation to achieve accurate measurements. On smooth, level ground with minimal vegetation, the tape can rest directly on the ground. Here, the taping team, typically consisting of a head and a rear tapeman, coordinates their positions with clear communication. The rear tapeman holds the tape at the starting point and guides the head tapeman toward a range pole placed beyond the endpoint, using hand or voice signals to ensure alignment.On...
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Development of Organoids from Mouse Pituitary as In Vitro Model to Explore Pituitary Stem Cell Biology
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Biobanking Organoids or Ground-State Stem Cells?

Wa Xian1,2, Marcin Duleba3, Yusuke Yamamoto4

  • 1Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School of University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. wa.xian@uth.tmc.edu.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers cloned ground-state stem cells from columnar epithelia, advancing regenerative medicine and disease modeling. These stem cells offer unlimited propagation and genomic stability for therapeutic applications.

Keywords:
adult stem cellsautologous transplantationbiobankingground-stateregenerative medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Regenerative medicine
  • Epithelial biology

Background:

  • Autologous transplantation of human epidermal stem cells (hESCs) using Green's method pioneered adult stem cell use in regenerative medicine.
  • Previous research utilized this method to clone p63-expressing distal airway stem cells, demonstrating their role in lung regeneration.
  • Cloning adult stem cells from columnar epithelial tissues had remained a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel technology for cloning ground-state stem cells from columnar epithelia.
  • To explore the potential of these cloned stem cells in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and drug discovery.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel technology enabling the cloning of ground-state stem cells from columnar epithelium.
  • Adaptation of this technology to clone stem cells from cancer precursors.

Main Results:

  • Successful cloning of ground-state stem cells from columnar epithelial tissues.
  • Application of the technology to study clonal evolution in Barrett's esophagus.
  • Demonstration of the utility of cloned stem cells for chemical screening platforms.

Conclusions:

  • Ground-state stem cells possess properties like unlimited propagation, genomic stability, and regio-specificity.
  • These properties make them highly suitable for applications in regenerative medicine.
  • The developed technology facilitates advancements in disease modeling and drug discovery.