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Related Concept Videos

Fertilization01:38

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During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
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Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
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Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
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Transcriptome profiling of human oocytes experiencing recurrent total fertilization failure.

Lun Suo1, Yu Xiao Zhou2, Li Ling Jia2

  • 1Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. suoyunfei123@gmail.com.

Scientific Reports
|December 19, 2018
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Summary

Recurrent total fertilization failure (RTFF) involves distinct gene expression changes in zygotes. Poly-PN zygotes show altered meiosis and RNA processing genes, while PN arrest zygotes exhibit dysregulated cell cycle and homologous recombination genes.

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Area of Science:

  • Assisted reproduction technologies
  • Reproductive genetics
  • Zygote biology

Background:

  • Recurrent total fertilization failure (RTFF) is a challenging issue in assisted reproduction.
  • The underlying molecular mechanisms of RTFF remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transcriptome profiles of abnormally fertilized zygotes in patients with RTFF.
  • To identify differentially expressed genes associated with specific RTFF phenotypes: poly-pronuclear (Poly-PN) zygotes and pronuclear (PN) arrest.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (sc-RNA-seq) was performed on ten abnormally fertilized zygotes (five Poly-PN, five PN arrest).
  • Four Tri-PN zygotes served as controls.
  • Differential gene expression analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were conducted.

Main Results:

  • 951 significantly differentially expressed genes (SDEGs) were identified in Poly-PN zygotes compared to controls.
  • 1697 SDEGs were identified in PN arrest zygotes compared to controls.
  • Poly-PN zygotes showed downregulated oocyte meiosis and RNA processing genes.
  • PN arrest zygotes displayed downregulated cell cycle and homologous recombination genes.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides insights into the distinct molecular underpinnings of Poly-PN and PN arrest zygotes in RTFF.
  • Transcriptome analysis reveals specific gene expression patterns related to meiosis, RNA processing, cell cycle, and homologous recombination in RTFF.
  • Further research with larger cohorts is warranted to fully elucidate the mechanisms of RTFF.