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Asthma Exacerbations in the Pediatric Emergency Department at a Tertiary Hospital: Association With Environmental

M A Marques Mejías1, M Tomás Pérez1,2, I Hernández1

  • 1Department of Allergy, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain.

Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
|December 19, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Environmental factors like grass pollen and air pollution, including NO2 and PM10, are linked to increased emergency department visits for pediatric asthma exacerbations. Respiratory infections remain the primary trigger.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Environmental Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Asthma exacerbations in children are frequently triggered by environmental factors.
  • Understanding these triggers is crucial for managing pediatric asthma.
  • Emergency department (ED) visits for asthma highlight the need for effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and triggers of asthma exacerbations in pediatric patients.
  • To investigate the association between environmental factors and ED admissions for asthma.
  • To describe the management of asthma exacerbations in a pediatric emergency setting.

Main Methods:

  • An observational, retrospective, single-center study was conducted in a pediatric ED.
  • Data on asthma exacerbations and hospital admissions were collected from 2015.
  • Environmental data including pollution levels (NO2, PM10, ozone), pollen, and mold spore counts were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Out of 50,619 ED patients, 2609 (5%) had asthma exacerbations, with 21.7% requiring hospital admission.
  • Respiratory infections were the most common trigger (70.6%).
  • Significant correlations were found between ED admissions and grass pollen counts (P<.0001), NO2 (0.58), and PM10 (0.75).

Conclusions:

  • Grass pollen, NO2, and PM10 levels are associated with increased pediatric asthma exacerbations requiring ED visits.
  • Environmental factors play a significant role in the frequency of asthma-related emergency care.
  • Further research into environmental triggers can inform asthma management strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Air pollutantsAsthma exacerbationsAsthma managementPediatric asthma

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