Functional and Clinicopathologic Outcomes Using a Modified Vescica Ileale Padovana Technique

To evaluate the clinicopathologic and functional outcomes of a modified Vescica ileale Padovana (VIP) neobladder technique.

Data for 160 patients at a single institution who underwent radical cystectomy and orthotopic VIP neobladder creation between 1998 and 2013 were analyzed. Modified VIP technique involved longitudinal opening of the small bowel close to the anterior mesenteric border instead of along the true anti-mesentery. This allowed for creation of a dependent neourethral funnel and a large serosal surface for ureteral anastomosis, distant from any suture lines.

Mean age for the entire cohort was 59.5, with 9% female and 64% with muscle invasive disease prior to cystectomy. Within 30 days of surgery, 16 patients (10%) developed a Clavien grade 3-4 complication and there were no deaths. Ninety-six percent reported minor or no daytime urinary leakage at 12 months, and 70% reported minor or no nighttime urinary leakage. Two- and five-year overall survival rates were 84.2% and 72.6% , respectively. Seven patients developed a ureteral stricture (4%), three (2%) had bladder neck contractures, two (1%) experienced urethral recurrence, and there were no vesicovaginal fistulas.

This modified VIP neobladder technique achieves favorable functional, survival, and recurrence outcomes similar to other published orthotopic continent diversions. Its near spheroidal shape lowers internal pressure, allowing for improved continence at physiologic filling capacity, and its offset bowel opening helps prevent unnecessary stretch to the native urethra, even in large individuals. The widened uretero-enteric anastomosis site distant from bowel suture lines contributes to decreased stricture rates and its placement on the dome of the neobladder facilitates endoscopic access should strictures occur. Finally, lack of posterior overlapping suture lines also mitigates the risk of fistulae formation in females should anterior vaginal wall excision or entry be unavoidable.