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Nutrition in the elderly.

J E Morley1, A D Mooradian, A J Silver

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles.

Annals of Internal Medicine
|December 1, 1988
PubMed
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Optimizing nutrition is key for healthy aging. Key nutrients like protein, vitamin D, zinc, and selenium play vital roles in preventing age-related diseases and maintaining immune function in older adults.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Aging is associated with physiological changes impacting nutrition, including decreased feeding drive and altered nutrient metabolism.
  • Common issues in the elderly include anorexia, weight loss, carbohydrate intolerance, and potential deficiencies in essential micronutrients.
  • Specific concerns include precarious vitamin D status, potential vitamin abuse, and the impact of drug interactions on nutrient requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted role of nutritional modulation in promoting successful aging.
  • To highlight the impact of macronutrient and micronutrient intake on gene expression and age-related health outcomes.
  • To identify key nutritional challenges in elderly populations and their potential interventions.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of existing animal and human studies on aging and nutrition.
  • Analysis of the effects of dietary components (macronutrients, micronutrients) on physiological processes.
  • Examination of the relationship between specific nutrient status and age-related conditions.

Main Results:

  • Dietary restriction in animals increases lifespan; nutritional alterations can modulate gene expression.
  • Aging may decrease opioid feeding drive and increase cholecystokinin's satiating effect, contributing to anorexia.
  • Low protein intake may suffice for nitrogen balance; carbohydrate intolerance is common but manageable.
  • Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in homebound/institutionalized elderly; borderline zinc status impairs immunity.
  • Zinc may protect against age-related vision decline; selenium deficiency is linked to cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Nutritional strategies are crucial for successful aging and mitigating age-related diseases.
  • Addressing anorexia, micronutrient deficiencies (Vitamin D, Zinc, Selenium), and metabolic changes is vital.
  • Personalized nutritional interventions, considering medication and lifestyle, can improve health outcomes in older adults.