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Myopic optic disc changes and its role in glaucoma.

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Myopic optic disc changes, like tilt and torsion, are linked to glaucoma risk. Advanced imaging helps assess these optic nerve head (ONH) deformations in myopia.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Optometry
  • Glaucoma Research

Background:

  • Optic nerve head (ONH) changes, including tilt and torsion, are observed in myopia.
  • These deformations complicate structural assessments for glaucoma in myopic individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review mechanisms and changes in the myopic optic disc.
  • To discuss advances in structural imaging for evaluating the ONH in myopia.
  • To explore the relationship between myopia and glaucoma susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on myopic optic disc changes.
  • Analysis of studies on optic disc morphology and glaucoma.
  • Discussion of advancements in optical coherence tomography-angiography for ONH imaging.

Main Results:

  • Optic disc tilt and torsion in myopia correlate with eyeball elongation and posterior globe configuration.
  • Myopic ONH deformations may induce strain on the lamina cribrosa and axons, increasing glaucoma susceptibility.
  • Unique lamina cribrosa characteristics in myopia are identified, potentially explaining glaucoma vulnerability.

Conclusions:

  • Optic disc changes in myopia are secondary to posterior globe shape.
  • Myopic ONH deformations are associated with increased glaucoma risk, though causality requires further investigation.