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Related Concept Videos

Shunt Admittances01:26

Shunt Admittances

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Shunt admittances play a crucial role in the analysis of transmission lines, particularly for three-phase systems with neutral conductors. When a uniformly charged conductor is positioned above the Earth, it induces an equal but opposite charge on its surface. This interaction creates electric field lines between the conductor and the Earth.
To model this effect, the method of images is employed. This method involves replacing the Earth with an image conductor that mirrors the original...
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The uterine or fallopian tubes function as the conduit through which oocytes travel from the ovaries to the uterus. Each fallopian tube measures approximately 10 to 13 cm long and is anatomically divided into the infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and interstitial part (or intramural segment). The infundibulum is characterized by its funnel shape and features extensions called fimbriae which reach towards the peritoneal cavity. These fimbriae play a critical role during ovulation as they extend...
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Endotracheal Tube Extubation01:24

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Endotracheal tube extubation is a critical procedure in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. It involves physically removing the oral or nasal endotracheal (ET) tube, marking the final step in liberating a patient from ventilatory support.
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Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes01:28

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A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
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Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube01:18

Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube

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When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.
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Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes

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Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Shunt Surgery, Right Heart Catheterization, and Vascular Morphometry in a Rat Model for Flow-induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
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New developments in tube shunt surgery.

Jenny Chen1,2, Steven J Gedde3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, UC Davis Eye Center.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|December 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tube shunt surgery is increasingly used for glaucoma, offering an alternative to trabeculectomy. While effective, these procedures carry a higher risk of complications compared to traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Glaucoma Surgery

Background:

  • Tube shunt devices are increasingly selected over trabeculectomy for glaucoma management.
  • Recent clinical trials and retrospective studies offer insights into tube shunt efficacy and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on tube shunt surgery for glaucoma.
  • To compare tube shunt outcomes with trabeculectomy and other surgical options.

Main Methods:

  • Review of medical claims data and surveys of glaucoma surgeons.
  • Analysis of pooled data from comparative studies (Ahmed Baerveldt comparison study, Ahmed versus Baerveldt study).
  • Examination of results from the primary tube versus trabeculectomy study.

Main Results:

  • Tube shunts are gaining popularity as an alternative to trabeculectomy.
  • Baerveldt implants showed higher success than Ahmed valves but increased hypotony risk.
  • Trabeculectomy with mitomycin C offered greater IOP reduction but more complications than primary tube shunt.
  • Secondary tube shunt implantation and cyclophotocoagulation are options for primary failure.
  • Complications include endothelial cell loss, diplopia, and device erosion.

Conclusions:

  • Tube shunt popularity has increased, supported by recent research.
  • Surgeons can use clinical trial data to guide tube shunt selection.
  • Enhanced efficacy in glaucoma surgery often correlates with increased complication risks.