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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

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Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring
Published on: December 14, 2020
3.3K
Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation.
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 19, 2018
Summary
Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (TLESR) is the primary cause of acid reflux in both healthy individuals and GERD patients. Gastric distention is a key factor increasing TLESR frequency.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Physiology
Background:
- Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (TLESR) is the most frequent mechanism behind acid reflux.
- TLESRs are also responsible for gas reflux during belching.
Purpose of the Study:
- To detail the characteristics of TLESRs.
- To explore the relationship between TLESRs and acid reflux in normal subjects and GERD patients.
Main Methods:
- The study defines TLESRs by their duration and lack of swallow-induced triggers.
- It differentiates TLESRs from swallow-induced LES relaxation based on duration and basal LES pressure.
Main Results:
- TLESRs are longer (10-45 sec) than swallow-induced relaxations (5-8 sec) and unrelated to basal LES pressure.
- Acid reflux accompanies 40-60% of TLESRs in normal subjects and 60-70% in GERD patients.
- Gastric distention is identified as a primary stimulus increasing TLESR rate.
Conclusions:
- TLESRs are a significant mechanism in GERD pathogenesis.
- Gastric distention is a key factor influencing TLESR frequency and subsequent reflux events.
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