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Related Concept Videos

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes01:25

Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes

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Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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What is Natural Selection?01:32

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Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
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Nature and Nurture01:10

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Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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The nature of light has been a subject of inquiry since antiquity. In the seventeenth century, Isaac Newton performed experiments with lenses and prisms and was able to demonstrate that white light consists of the individual colors of the rainbow combined together. Newton explained his optics findings in terms of a "corpuscular" view of light, in which light was composed of streams of extremely tiny particles traveling at high speeds according to Newton's laws of motion.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Natural Killer NK and CAR-NK Cell Expansion Method using Membrane Bound-IL-21-Modified B Cell Line
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Natural Killer NK and CAR-NK Cell Expansion Method using Membrane Bound-IL-21-Modified B Cell Line

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Natural killer (NK) cell and immunotherapy.

Tadafumi Iino, Shigeo Takaishi

    Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
    |December 19, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial for fighting pathogens and cancer. This review explores their cytotoxic functions, recent biological advancements, and potential for cancer immunotherapy.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology
    • Cancer Research

    Background:

    • Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells vital for host defense against pathogens.
    • NK cells play a significant role in cancer immunosurveillance.
    • They possess surface receptors that mediate responses to infected or transformed cells without prior sensitization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the cytotoxic mechanisms of NK cells.
    • To discuss recent developments in NK cell biology.
    • To highlight NK cell-based immunotherapy and therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of NK cell cytotoxic function.
    • Analysis of recent advancements in NK cell biology.
    • Examination of therapeutic approaches in NK cell immunotherapy and cancer treatment.

    More Related Videos

    Analysis of Human Natural Killer Cell Metabolism
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    A Novel Feeder-free System for Mass Production of Murine Natural Killer Cells In Vitro

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    Natural Killer NK and CAR-NK Cell Expansion Method using Membrane Bound-IL-21-Modified B Cell Line
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    Analysis of Human Natural Killer Cell Metabolism
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    Analysis of Human Natural Killer Cell Metabolism

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    A Novel Feeder-free System for Mass Production of Murine Natural Killer Cells In Vitro
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    Main Results:

    • NK cells eliminate target cells via effector molecules.
    • Activated NK cells produce cytokines, influencing the broader immune system.
    • Recent research has expanded understanding of NK cell biology and therapeutic potential.

    Conclusions:

    • NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity is a key mechanism in host defense and cancer immunosurveillance.
    • Targeting NK cells offers promising avenues for cancer immunotherapy.
    • Continued research into NK cell biology will drive novel therapeutic strategies.