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Questions on honest responding.

Vaka Vésteinsdóttir1,2, Adam Joinson3, Ulf-Dietrich Reips4

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. vakav@hi.is.

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This study introduces a novel method to improve honesty in online surveys by asking about response accuracy during the survey itself. This technique helps reduce socially desirable responding in self-reports of behavior.

Keywords:
Internet surveysQuestions on honest respondingSelf-reportsSensitive questionsSocially desirable responding

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Area of Science:

  • Psychological Science
  • Survey Methodology
  • Behavioral Research

Background:

  • Socially desirable responding (SDR) is a significant issue in self-report surveys, potentially biasing results.
  • Traditional methods of requesting honest responses in survey introductions are often overlooked by participants.
  • A substantial portion of online survey respondents do not read instructions, leading to potential inaccuracies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a new method for reducing socially desirable responding (SDR) in internet self-reports.
  • To investigate the effectiveness of repositioning honesty prompts from survey introductions to the questioning phase.
  • To determine if asking about honest responding increases the accuracy of self-reported desirable and undesirable behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Three studies were conducted with large participant samples (N = 475, 1,015, 899).
  • Participants were randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group.
  • The experimental group received questions about honest responding before questions about target behaviors, while the control group did not.

Main Results:

  • Participants in the experimental group exhibited significantly less socially desirable responding compared to the control group across all studies.
  • The effect sizes for reduced SDR were small to moderate (Cohen's d ranging from 0.02 to 0.34).
  • The repositioned honesty prompts increased attention and processing of the request for truthful answers.

Conclusions:

  • Placing questions about honest responding within the survey questioning phase is an effective strategy to mitigate socially desirable responding.
  • This method enhances participant engagement with honesty prompts, leading to more accurate self-reports.
  • The findings offer practical implications for designing more reliable online surveys and suggest avenues for future research on response bias.