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Updated: Jan 31, 2026
08:39
Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
Published on: December 28, 2021
5.4K
Staging of bladder cancer.
Martin J Magers1, Antonio Lopez-Beltran2,3, Rodolfo Montironi4,5
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Histopathology
|December 20, 2018
Summary
The 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging manual updates urothelial carcinoma classification. Key changes in N and M categories, and T category clarifications, improve bladder cancer staging accuracy.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a complex disease with variable outcomes.
- Accurate staging is crucial for treatment decisions and prognosis in bladder cancer.
- The 7th edition of staging manuals has limitations in reflecting current data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the critical changes and clarifications introduced in the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Staging Manual for urinary bladder tumors.
- To highlight the discrepancies between the AJCC 8th edition and the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) 8th edition.
- To discuss areas requiring further optimization in bladder cancer staging.
Main Methods:
- Review of the AJCC Staging Manual, 8th edition.
- Comparison of the AJCC 8th edition with the 7th edition and the UICC 8th edition.
- Discussion of specific changes in T, N, and M categories for urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder.
Main Results:
- The AJCC 8th edition introduces significant changes, particularly in the N and M categories.
- Perivesical lymph node involvement is now classified as N1.
- The M1 category is subdivided into M1a and M1b.
- Clarifications and recommendations for substaging the pT1 category are provided, although no specific method is formally endorsed.
Conclusions:
- The AJCC 8th edition represents an advancement in bladder cancer staging compared to the 7th edition.
- The failure of the UICC 8th edition to incorporate updated data necessitates focus on the AJCC 8th edition.
- Further research and standardization are needed for optimal substaging, particularly for pT1 tumors.
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