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Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
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Control of Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) Using High Temperatures.

D M Wilches1,2, R A Laird2, K D Floate1

  • 1Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.

Journal of Economic Entomology
|December 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary

High-temperature exposure effectively controls the Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts), a major stored grain pest. A 2-hour treatment at 60°C is recommended for effective pest control, replacing restricted fumigants.

Keywords:
Khapra beetlecontroldiapauseheatmortalityquarantinetemperature

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Area of Science:

  • Stored Product Entomology
  • Pest Management
  • Insect Physiology

Background:

  • The Khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts) is a significant global stored grain pest.
  • Methyl bromide, a traditional control, is restricted due to ozone depletion, necessitating alternative methods.
  • High-temperature exposure is explored as a viable alternative for Khapra beetle control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of high-temperature exposure for controlling the Khapra beetle.
  • To determine lethal time (LT) values for different life stages and temperatures.
  • To establish optimal temperature and duration for effective Khapra beetle eradication.

Main Methods:

  • Determining LT50 values for various T. granarium life stages (eggs, pupae, adults, non-diapausing larvae, diapausing larvae) at 45°C.
  • Calculating LT50, LT95, LT99, and probit 9 mortality values for diapausing larvae at temperatures ranging from 45°C to 60°C.
  • Assessing heat tolerance across different life stages to identify the most resilient stage.

Main Results:

  • Diapausing larvae exhibited the highest heat tolerance (LT50 = 41–122 h at 45°C).
  • LT99 values for diapausing larvae decreased significantly with increasing temperature: 288 h at 45°C, 6 h at 50°C, 1.1 h at 55°C, and 1 h at 60°C.
  • An exposure of 2 hours at 60°C is suggested for effective control.

Conclusions:

  • High-temperature exposure is a promising alternative for managing Khapra beetle infestations.
  • A treatment of 2-12 hours at 50-60°C is recommended to achieve probit 9 mortality for quarantine purposes.
  • Further research is needed to refine probit 9 mortality estimates for quarantine applications.