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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

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[Cornea Imaging by Optical Coherence Tomography - Historical Aspects and Most Recent Technical Developments].

René M Werkmeister1,2, Hannes Stegmann1,2, Valentin Aranha Dos Santos1

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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has evolved from retinal imaging to revolutionize anterior eye segment assessment. This technology offers high-resolution visualization and precise measurements for diagnosing and monitoring corneal diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Optics

Background:

  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) initially focused on retinal imaging.
  • Recent advancements have led to specialized OCT systems for anterior eye segment assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the evolution and applications of OCT in ophthalmology.
  • To detail the capabilities of OCT in examining anterior eye structures.

Main Methods:

  • OCT utilizes back-scattered and back-reflected light for tissue imaging.
  • Systems are developed for precise measurement of corneal layers and chamber angles.
  • Ultrahigh resolution OCT provides near-histological visualization of corneal morphology.

Main Results:

  • OCT enables detailed examination of anterior eye segment structures.
  • Precise measurements of cornea and chamber angle are achievable.
  • Ultrahigh resolution OCT visualizes corneal morphology with exceptional detail.

Conclusions:

  • OCT has become indispensable for differential diagnosis and follow-up of corneal diseases.
  • Advancements in acquisition speed enhance OCT's clinical utility.
  • OCT offers potential for new insights into corneal pathophysiology.