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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
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Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
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Acute Pharyngitis01:30

Acute Pharyngitis

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Introduction
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:
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Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

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Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
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Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

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Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
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Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

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Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

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Acute eosinophilic appendicitis simulating uncomplicated appendicitis.

Kazuya Takabatake1,2, Tsutomu Imanishi2, Tetsuji Yoshikawa2

  • 1Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

BMJ Case Reports
|December 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute appendicitis, a common emergency, can be treated with antibiotics. However, acute eosinophilic appendicitis may mimic uncomplicated appendicitis and not respond to antibiotics, requiring surgical intervention.

Keywords:
gastroenterologygastrointestinal surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Acute appendicitis is a frequent cause of emergency abdominal surgery.
  • Uncomplicated appendicitis (UA) is increasingly managed with antibiotic therapy.
  • Distinguishing UA from other appendicitis forms is crucial for appropriate treatment.

Observation:

  • A case of acute eosinophilic appendicitis (AEA) presented with symptoms mimicking UA.
  • Initial presentation included right iliac fossa pain and CT-identified appendix swelling.
  • Standard antibiotic therapy for suspected UA was ineffective in this patient.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination confirmed AEA as the final diagnosis.
  • AEA presented atypically, initially diagnosed as UA based on clinical and imaging findings.
  • Treatment failure with antibiotics indicated a need for further investigation.

Implications:

  • AEA can be misdiagnosed as UA due to similar initial presentations.
  • Consider AEA in cases of suspected UA that do not respond to antibiotic treatment.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering rare appendicitis variants in clinical practice.