Biocompatibility--the interaction of biomaterials and host response

Future developments for better biocompatibility of dental implants are possible and are discussed here. On each level of local host response, which is subdivided into four phases, improvements of knowledge in basic mechanisms concerning the interaction of biomaterial and host are necessary. For the development of new biomaterials, the limits for load with foreign ions and particles acting on cellular and extracellular matrix should be determined. An example is given for ZrO2-containing glass ceramics. Biochemistry of soft and hard tissue bonding to biomaterials should be investigated. Biomechanical properties of implants could be adapted to individual needs of patients. New composite materials are candidates for the design of long-term functioning implants.