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Pneumococcal serotype distribution and antibiotic susceptibility in Malaysia: A four-year study (2014-2017) on

Revathy Arushothy1, Norazah Ahmad1, Fairuz Amran1

  • 1Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Ministry of Health, Jalan Pahang, 50588 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|December 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This study analyzed Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in Malaysian children, finding types 14, 6B, 19A, 6A, and 19F were most common. This data is crucial for implementing pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) to reduce childhood illness.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) remains a significant threat to children globally.
  • Understanding serotype distribution is critical for effective vaccine strategies.
  • Malaysia lacked comprehensive data on IPD serotypes in young children prior to this study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the serotype prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing IPD in Malaysian children under five.
  • To evaluate the antimicrobial resistance patterns of these isolates.
  • To inform the potential introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) into Malaysia's National Immunization Programme (NIP).

Main Methods:

  • Collection of 245 invasive S. pneumoniae isolates from children ≤5 years across Malaysia between 2014-2017.
  • Identification and serotyping of all collected isolates.
  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing to assess resistance patterns.

Main Results:

  • The most prevalent serotypes were 14 (26.9%), 6B (19.6%), 19A (11.8%), 6A (10.6%), and 19F (6.9%).
  • Vaccine coverage estimates indicated high potential efficacy for PCV13 (88.2%), PCV10 (64.1%), and PCV7 (63.3%).
  • Significant antimicrobial resistance was observed for erythromycin (42.9%), tetracycline (42.9%), and co-trimoxazole (35.9%), with higher penicillin resistance in meningitis cases (22.2%).

Conclusions:

  • Serotypes 14, 6B, 19A, 6A, and 19F were dominant in Malaysian children with IPD during the study period.
  • The study highlights the need for serotype data to guide PCV implementation in Malaysia's NIP.
  • Findings provide valuable insights for future public health policies aimed at reducing childhood IPD morbidity and mortality.
Abstract

Keywords:
AntibioticChildrenMalaysiaPCVSerotypeStreptococcus pneumoniae

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