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Neural adaptation to resistance training.

D G Sale1

  • 1Department of Physical Education, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|October 1, 1988
PubMed
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Strength training enhances performance by improving the nervous system's ability to activate muscles. This neural adaptation leads to greater force production and better muscle coordination for improved strength gains.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Muscle strength relies on both muscle properties and nervous system activation.
  • Strength training induces adaptations in the nervous system, enhancing muscle activation and coordination.
  • Understanding neural adaptations is crucial for optimizing training protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence for neural adaptations resulting from strength training.
  • To explore the mechanisms underlying neural adaptations in motor control.
  • To evaluate the relative contributions of neural and muscular factors to strength gains.

Main Methods:

  • Review of electromyographic (EMG) studies demonstrating increased muscle activation.
  • Analysis of research on reflex adaptations to stretch loads and rapid movements.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of studies on cross-training effects and training specificity.

    • Main Results:

    • Increased peak force and rate of force development correlate with enhanced prime mover muscle activation.
    • Evidence suggests neural adaptations contribute significantly to strength improvements.
    • Motor unit recruitment and firing patterns are key mechanisms in neural adaptation.

    Conclusions:

    • Neural adaptations play a vital role in strength performance enhancement.
    • Strength training optimizes the nervous system's control over muscles.
    • Both neural and muscular adaptations are important for short- and long-term strength development.