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Photoperiod-sensitivity genes shape floret development in wheat.

Thomas I Pérez-Gianmarco1,2, Gustavo A Slafer1,3, Fernanda G González2,4

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wheat Ppd-1a alleles shorten the late-reproductive phase (LRP), reducing fertile florets. Enhancing LRP duration through photoperiod sensitivity can increase wheat yield potential.

Keywords:
Ppd-1 genesFloret developmentfloret initiationfloret survivalphotoperiod sensitivitywheat

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Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics and breeding
  • Crop physiology
  • Agricultural science

Background:

  • Photoperiod sensitivity influences wheat reproductive development.
  • The Ppd-1 genes control plant response to photoperiod.
  • Understanding Ppd-1 gene effects on fertile floret number is crucial for yield improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of Ppd-1 alleles on wheat reproductive development, specifically the number of fertile florets.
  • To determine how photoperiod sensitivity, modulated by Ppd-1 genes, affects the late-reproductive phase (LRP) and floret initiation.
  • To assess the potential of manipulating LRP duration for increasing wheat yield.

Main Methods:

  • Grew five wheat genotypes with varying Ppd-1 alleles (sensitive 'b' and insensitive 'a') under controlled 12-h and 16-h photoperiods.
  • Utilized near-isogenic lines of Paragon with introgressed Ppd-1a alleles from different sources.
  • Quantified the number of fertile florets at anthesis (NFF) and assessed LRP duration.

Main Results:

  • Ppd-1a alleles significantly shortened the LRP compared to Ppd-1b alleles under both photoperiods.
  • Under a 12-h photoperiod, NFF decreased in the order: three Ppd-1b > Ppd-B1a > Ppd-A1a > Ppd-D1a > three Ppd-1a.
  • Ppd-1a alleles reduced NFF by shortening floret initiation and decreasing floret primordia survival.

Conclusions:

  • Ppd-1a alleles negatively impact wheat yield potential by reducing the number of fertile florets.
  • Shortening the LRP via Ppd-1a alleles limits the potential for higher floret initiation and survival.
  • Increasing LRP duration through photoperiod sensitivity is a viable strategy for enhancing wheat yield potential.