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Pelvic floor physiology.

D A Cherry1, D A Rothenberger

  • 1University of Connecticut Medical School, Farmington.

The Surgical Clinics of North America
|December 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pelvic floor and anal canal anatomy create continence through complex muscle interactions and pressures. Anorectal physiological testing aids understanding of these dynamics for diagnosing pelvic floor disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy and Physiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Pelvic floor and anal canal anatomy are crucial for continence but poorly understood.
  • The pelvic floor comprises proximal muscles (pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus) and distal anal sphincters.
  • The anorectal ring integrates muscles, forming valves and angles essential for defecation control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the complex physiological mechanisms of pelvic floor function.
  • To highlight the role of anorectal structures in maintaining continence.
  • To emphasize the importance of physiological testing in understanding pelvic floor disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of anatomical structures including muscles, valves, and angles.
  • Discussion of intrinsic and extrinsic pressures contributing to continence.

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  • Analysis of factors influencing normal and abnormal defecation.

    • Main Results:

    • The pelvic floor's funnel shape and anorectal ring's unique forces create flutter and flap valves.
    • A high-pressure zone is generated by intrinsic muscle pressures, reinforced by extrinsic pressures.
    • Continence relies on a complex interplay of anatomical structures, pressures, rectal capacity, motility, and sensory mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding pelvic floor physiology is vital for diagnosing and treating related disorders.
    • Anorectal physiological testing significantly enhances comprehension of pelvic floor dynamics.
    • Continued research with advanced techniques will further illuminate pelvic floor function.