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Sleep and sleep disordered breathing in children with down syndrome: Effects on behaviour, neurocognition and the

Rosemary Sc Horne1, Poornima Wijayaratne1, Gillian M Nixon2

  • 1The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

Sleep Medicine Reviews
|December 22, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children with Down syndrome (DS) experience frequent sleep problems, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), impacting their daytime behavior and cardiovascular health. Treatment can improve these outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality, affecting 1 in 1000 births.
  • Sleep problems, including difficulty initiating/maintaining sleep and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), are highly prevalent in children with DS (up to 65% and over 90%, respectively).
  • These sleep issues significantly affect daytime functioning, learning, and quality of life, similar to typically developing children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of sleep problems and OSA on daytime functioning in children with DS.
  • To examine the impact of OSA on cardiovascular health in DS.
  • To discuss the effectiveness of treatments for improving outcomes and quality of life.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • It synthesizes existing evidence on sleep disorders in Down syndrome.
  • Focuses on daytime functioning and cardiovascular implications.

Main Results:

  • Sleep problems and OSA are significantly more common in children with DS than in the general pediatric population.
  • Sleep disturbances negatively impact behavior, learning, and quality of life in children with DS.
  • OSA poses risks to cardiovascular health, a critical concern given high rates of cardiac issues in DS.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep problems and OSA are major concerns for children with Down syndrome.
  • Addressing these sleep issues is crucial for improving daytime functioning and cardiovascular health.
  • Evidence supports treatment interventions to enhance outcomes and quality of life for children with DS.

Keywords:
CardiovascularDaytime behaviourDown syndromePaediatricQuality of lifeSleep

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