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Related Concept Videos

Increasing Function01:18

Increasing Function

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An increasing function exhibits a rise in output values as input values increase. This behavior is depicted graphically as a curve or line that slopes upward from left to right. Such a function satisfies the condition that if x1 < x2, then f(x1) < f(x2), indicating that the function values grow with increasing inputs. This concept is fundamental in understanding growth trends across various domains, such as population dynamics, financial investments, or resource consumption.The...
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Increased Body Temperature01:25

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
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Binary Acids and Bases
In the absence of any leveling effect, the acid strength of binary compounds of hydrogen with nonmetals (A) increases as the H-A bond strength decreases down a group in the periodic table. For group 17, the order of increasing acidity is HF < HCl < HBr < HI. Likewise, for group 16, the order of increasing acid strength is H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te. Across a row in the periodic table, the acid strength of binary hydrogen compounds increases with increasing...
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The acid-base reaction class has been studied for quite some time. In 1680, Robert Boyle reported traits of acid solutions that included their ability to dissolve many substances, to change the colors of certain natural dyes, and to lose these traits after coming in contact with alkali (base) solutions. In the eighteenth century, it was recognized that acids have a sour taste, react with limestone to liberate a gaseous substance (now known to be CO2), and interact with alkalis to form neutral...
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Redox Reactions

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Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Establishing a Severe Corneal Inflammation Model in Rats Based on Corneal Epithelium Curettage Combined with Corneal Sutures
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Routine Referral by Urologists Increase Opportunities for Corneal Donation.

H Sasaki1, H Nakamura2, H Ono2

  • 1Department of Urology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.

Transplantation Proceedings
|December 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Routine urology referrals significantly increased corneal donation rates in Japan. This approach, even with elderly cancer patients, offers a vital source for transplantation, addressing donor shortages.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Transplantation Medicine
  • Urology

Background:

  • Corneal donation in Japan is insufficient to meet transplantation demand.
  • A routine approach to discuss corneal donation was initiated in a hospital's Urology Department in 2008.
  • This study assesses the effectiveness of this proactive donation strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of routine corneal donation discussions by urologists on donation rates.
  • To identify characteristics of suitable corneal donors within the urology patient population.
  • To determine the success rate of corneal transplantation from these donors.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for patients deceased in the Urology Department (February 2008 - March 2017).
  • Analysis of patient demographics, medical suitability for corneal donation, and family consent rates.
  • Tracking of corneal donation outcomes and subsequent transplantation success.

Main Results:

  • Out of 211 deaths, 155 patients were medically suitable for corneal donation.
  • Corneal donation was discussed with 129 families (83.2%), resulting in consent from 26 families (16.8%).
  • Ultimately, 28 donors (18.1%) provided corneas, with 96.4% successfully transplanted; donors were predominantly elderly with genitourinary malignancies.

Conclusions:

  • Elderly patients with solid carcinoma are a viable source for corneal donation.
  • Routine urologist-initiated referrals effectively increase corneal donation rates.
  • Widespread adoption of this strategy across departments could significantly boost national corneal donation numbers.