Reliability and Validity
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias
Data Validation
Data Validation
Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis
Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery
Published on: January 19, 2022
Yuki Yoshiyasu1,2, Daniel R Chang1,2, Leon Bunegin2
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A.
A new low-cost silicone model for endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) training has construct validity. Experienced surgeons and residents significantly outperformed novices, confirming its effectiveness for surgical education.
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