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Riedel's thyroiditis.

S M Schwaegerle1, T W Bauer, C B Esselstyn

  • 1Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44106.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology
|December 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Riedel's thyroiditis is a rare inflammatory thyroid disease. Studies suggest an autoimmune origin, with most patients being female and euthyroid, and many showing multifocal fibrosis.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Riedel's thyroiditis is a rare chronic inflammatory thyroid condition.
  • First described in 1893, its clinical and pathological features require further clarification.

Observation:

  • Analysis of 184 cases (1 recent, 6 Cleveland Clinic, 178 literature) reveals a mean age of 47.8 years, with 83% of patients being female.
  • Thyroid function tests show 64% euthyroid, 32% hypothyroid, and 4% hyperthyroid.
  • Antithyroid antibodies were detected in 16 of 25 tested patients (64%), and multifocal fibrosis was reported in 34% of cases since 1960.

Findings:

  • Immunohistologic examination of the thyroid infiltrate shows a mixed population of B- and T-cells.
  • Similar proportions of CD4- and CD8-positive lymphocytes were observed compared to Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

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  • The presence of antithyroid antibodies in 67% of patients strongly supports an autoimmune mechanism.

    • Implications:

    • The findings suggest an autoimmune etiology for Riedel's thyroiditis, potentially involving similar immune pathways as Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
    • The origin of multifocal fibrosing lesions remains undefined but is likely immunologic.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the pathogenesis and relationship between fibrosis and autoimmune processes in Riedel's thyroiditis.