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Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiac Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells and Tissues
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Decoding epigenetic cell signaling in neuronal differentiation.

Mariana S Vieira1, Vânia A M Goulart1, Ricardo C Parreira2

  • 1Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Instituto Nanocell, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
|December 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores how transcription factors, non-coding RNAs, and epigenetic changes guide neural development and differentiation. Understanding these factors is key for advancing neurodegenerative disorder treatments.

Keywords:
EpigeneticsNeural stem cellsNeurogenesisNon-coding RNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Neurogenesis, the creation of new neurons, is crucial for brain function.
  • Neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into neurons, integrating into neural networks.
  • Artificial differentiation of various stem cells into neurons is now possible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of non-coding RNAs, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifications in neuronal development.
  • To highlight the importance of transcriptional profiles in understanding neuronal differentiation.
  • To discuss the potential of epigenetic research in neurodegenerative disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on transcriptional profiles, non-coding RNAs, transcription factors, and epigenetic changes.
  • Analysis of current techniques for artificial neuronal differentiation.
  • Examination of epigenetic patterns in normal and neurodegenerative conditions.

Main Results:

  • Specific transcriptional profiles offer insights into neuronal phenotype and function.
  • Non-coding RNAs, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifications are critical regulators of neurogenesis.
  • Distinct epigenetic patterns in neurodegenerative disorders present therapeutic and diagnostic opportunities.

Conclusions:

  • Transcription factors, non-coding RNAs, and extracellular vesicles orchestrate complex neural development.
  • Epigenetic research holds promise for novel diagnostic tools and gene therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Further investigation into these regulatory mechanisms is essential for advancing neuroscience.