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Hyperinsulinemia.

R S Yalow1, H G Rose, W A Bauman

  • 1Solomon A. Berson Research Laboratory, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10468.

The American Journal of Medicine
|November 28, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus may show delayed insulin release and hyperinsulinemia. Studies suggest a link between hyperinsulinemia and hypertension, even in mild diabetes or pregnancy.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is characterized by impaired insulin secretion.
  • Early NIDDM can present with delayed insulin response and subsequent hyperinsulinemia.
  • Long-standing diabetes or hyperglycemia may lead to hypoinsulinemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between insulin response patterns in diabetes and hypertension.
  • To explore potential links between hyperinsulinemia and elevated blood pressure.

Main Methods:

  • Oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) was used to assess insulin response.
  • Intravenous glucose, tolbutamide, and arginine challenges were employed in some diabetic patients.
  • Correlation analysis was performed between hyperinsulinemia and hypertension in specific populations.

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Main Results:

  • Diabetic patients may exhibit delayed insulin response or hypoinsulinemia depending on disease duration and glucose levels.
  • Normal insulin response to tolbutamide or arginine suggests preserved pancreatic insulin content despite glucose unresponsiveness.
  • A strong correlation was observed between hypertension and hyperinsulinemia during OGTT in obese men post-amputation.
  • Hypertensive pregnant women also showed marked hyperinsulinemia during OGTT without glucose intolerance.

Conclusions:

  • Insulin secretion patterns in diabetes are variable and depend on disease characteristics.
  • A significant association exists between hyperinsulinemia and hypertension.
  • The underlying mechanisms connecting hyperinsulinemia and hypertension warrant further investigation.