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Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks
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Progress in three-dimensional printing with growth factors.

Gerry L Koons1, Antonios G Mikos2

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|December 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Three-dimensional printing enables precise control over growth factor delivery in biomedical constructs for tissue regeneration. This approach minimizes complications associated with traditional methods, enhancing implant efficacy.

Keywords:
BioactivityGrowth factorsProtein deliveryThree-dimensional printingTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Growth factors are crucial for cellular activities in tissue regeneration.
  • Current growth factor delivery systems often involve supraphysiologic doses and burst release, leading to complications.
  • Biomedical constructs aim to improve tissue regeneration within implant systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review demonstrated approaches for incorporating growth factors into three-dimensional (3D) printed biomedical constructs.
  • To address the challenges of preserving growth factor bioactivity, ensuring spatial localization, and achieving controlled release during 3D printing.
  • To highlight how 3D printing can overcome limitations of current growth factor delivery systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on 3D printing techniques for growth factor delivery.
  • Analysis of methods for direct inclusion of growth factors with biomaterials during printing.
  • Examination of intermediary encapsulation strategies using microparticles or nanoparticles for growth factor delivery.

Main Results:

  • 3D printing allows for spatial dictation and dosage control of growth factors.
  • Methods exist to preserve the bioactivity of growth factors during the printing process.
  • Techniques for spatial localization and controlled release of growth factors within 3D printed constructs have been demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • 3D printing offers a promising platform for advanced growth factor delivery in tissue engineering.
  • Successful implementation requires careful consideration of growth factor bioactivity, localization, and release kinetics.
  • This technology has the potential to minimize complications and improve outcomes in regenerative medicine.