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Discrete effects in stellar feedback: Individual Supernovae, Hypernovae, and IMF Sampling in Dwarf Galaxies
Kung-Yi Su1, Philip F Hopkins1, Christopher C Hayward2,3
1TAPIR 350-17, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
|December 25, 2018
Summary
Discrete stellar feedback, particularly supernovae (SNe), is vital for realistic galaxy evolution and interstellar medium (ISM) structure in dwarf galaxies. Hypernovae (HNe) do not quench star formation and their products may be visible in ultra-faint dwarfs.
Area of Science:
- Computational astrophysics
- Galaxy formation and evolution
- Interstellar medium physics
Background:
- Stellar feedback processes, including supernovae (SNe) and hypernovae (HNe), play a critical role in shaping galaxy evolution.
- The discretization of these energetic events, rather than continuous energy/momentum deposition, is a key factor in accurately simulating galactic phenomena.
- Understanding these processes is crucial for interpreting observations of dwarf galaxies and their interstellar medium (ISM).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of discrete stellar feedback, specifically supernovae (SNe) and hypernovae (HNe), on dwarf galaxy evolution using high-resolution simulations.
- To assess the influence of initial mass function (IMF) sampling on continuous feedback mechanisms compared to discrete SN events.
- To determine the role of rare, energetic hypernovae (HNe) in the context of dwarf galaxy star formation and ISM properties.
Main Methods:
- Utilized high-resolution cosmological simulations from the FIRE-2 (Feedback In Realistic Environments) project.
- Focused on dwarf galaxies with stellar masses ranging from 10^4 to 3x10^6 Msun.
- Investigated the effects of discretizing supernovae (SNe) and sampling the initial mass function (IMF), including hypernovae (HNe) events.
Main Results:
- The discrete nature of individual supernovae (SNe) is essential for realistic ISM structure, galactic winds, and regulating dwarf galaxy stellar masses.
- IMF sampling has a minor impact on galaxy-scale properties when considering continuous feedback mechanisms (e.g., radiative feedback, stellar mass-loss).
- Hypernovae (HNe) events, similar to clustered SNe, do not quench star formation and their unique elemental yields may be detectable in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies.
Conclusions:
- Discrete stellar feedback, particularly SNe, is a necessary component for accurate simulations of dwarf galaxy evolution and ISM.
- While IMF sampling has limited effects on continuous feedback, the discretization of SNe is paramount.
- Hypernovae (HNe) are not star formation suppressors and represent potential observational tracers in the least massive galaxies.
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