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Related Concept Videos

Dissociative Disorders01:27

Dissociative Disorders

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Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
Dissociative Fugue
A hallmark feature of dissociative disorders is the dissociative fugue...
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Dissociative Amnesia01:21

Dissociative Amnesia

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Dissociative amnesia is a complex psychological condition that manifests as an inability to recall personal information, often tied to traumatic or stressful events. Unlike general amnesia, individuals with this condition retain the ability to perform routine activities and procedural tasks, such as operating a phone or navigating public transportation, yet experience profound gaps in autobiographical memory. These lapses may encompass significant life events, such as suicide attempts or...
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Dissociative Identity Disorder01:30

Dissociative Identity Disorder

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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
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Bond Dissociation Energy and Activation Energy02:13

Bond Dissociation Energy and Activation Energy

11.1K
Bond energy is the energy required to break a bond homolytically. These values are usually expressed in units of kcal/mol or kJ/mol and are referred to as bond dissociation energies when given for specific bonds or average bond energies when indicated for a given type of bond over many compounds. Firstly, the bond dissociation energy for a single bond is weaker than that of a double bond, which in turn is weaker than that of a triple bond. Secondly, hydrogen forms relatively strong bonds with...
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Acid/Base Strengths and Dissociation Constants03:02

Acid/Base Strengths and Dissociation Constants

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The relative strength of an acid or base is the extent to which it ionizes when dissolved in water. If the ionization reaction is essentially complete, the acid or base is termed strong; if relatively little ionization occurs, the acid or base is weak. There are many more weak acids and bases than strong ones. The most common strong acids and bases are listed below:
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The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

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Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
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Preparation of Dissociated Mouse Cortical Neuron Cultures
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Dissociation debates: everything you know is wrong.

Richard J Loewenstein1

  • 1The Trauma Disorders Program, Sheppard Pratt Health System, Maryland, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
|December 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dissociative disorders (DD) are strongly linked to psychological trauma, despite ongoing professional debate. Evidence shows effective treatments improve symptoms and reduce costs for this underserved population.

Keywords:
amnesiacontroversydissociationdissociative disorderdissociative identity disorderdissociative theoretical modeltrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Dissociation and dissociative disorders (DD) remain controversial in psychiatry and psychology.
  • Professional beliefs about DD often diverge from scientific literature, particularly regarding trauma.
  • Skepticism exists, suggesting dissociation may involve trauma fantasies or be influenced by iatrogenic or socio-cultural factors.

Observation:

  • Multiple evidence lines confirm a strong association between dissociation/DD and psychological trauma, especially early-life or cumulative trauma.
  • Research and clinical data largely refute the view that DD are artefactual.
  • Dissociative disorders are prevalent in general and clinical populations, representing an underserved group at high risk for self-harm.

Findings:

  • Prospective treatment outcome studies demonstrate significant symptom improvement in severely ill DD patients.
  • Treatment leads to reductions in suicidal and self-destructive behaviors.
  • Effective treatment also results in decreased healthcare costs for patients with DD.

Implications:

  • A significant public health initiative is required to increase awareness of dissociation and DD.
  • Educational efforts within mental health training programs are crucial.
  • Increased funding for research into dissociative disorders is essential for advancing understanding and treatment.